Ruby and Sapphire Disclosure Comments (Update 2022)

- No indications of heating.

  No heat enhancement has been detected in this gem.


- Indications of heating.   Code : H

  Enhanced by heat with no residues detected.


- Indications of heating (residues insignificant).   Code : H1

  Enhanced by heat and indication of very small amount of residues are present in fissures and/or cavities.


- Indications of heating (minor residues).  Code : H2

  Enhanced by heat and indication of small amount of residues are present in fissures and/or cavities.


- Indications of heating (moderate residues).  Code : H3

  Enhanced by heat and indication of moderate amount of residues are present in fissures and/or cavities.


- Indications of heating (significant residues).  Code : H4

  Enhanced by heat and indication of significant amount of residues are present in fissures and/or cavities.


- Indications of heating with light elements.  Code : H(LE)

  Enhanced by heat with light elements (such as beryllium).


- Indications of heating (lead glass filling).  Code : H(LG)

  Enhanced by heat. Fissures and cavities are filled with lead glass filler.


- Indications of heating (cobalt + lead glass filling).  Code : H(CoLG)

  Enhanced by heat. Fissures and cavities are filled with cobalt-colored lead glass filler.


- Indications of surface diffusion treatment.  Code : H(SD)

  Enhanced by heat and the diffusion of chemical elements from an external source (such as titanium).

  The color is concentrated in a thin layer at the surface.



Note:

- Low-temperature heat treatment is classified as H.

- High-temperature with pressure heat treatment (PHT/ HTP) is classified as H.

- Residues include borax and glass-like material without lead glass

- H, H1, H2, H3, H4 may be called Pao Kao in the trade.

- H(LG), H(CoLG) may be called Pao Mai in the trade.